Cardiff and Bristol need to work together on transport to ensure they do not lose out to larger northern hubs, according to the mayor of Bristol.
George Ferguson told BBC Wales he would like to see more cooperation rather than competition, so the region is not left behind when it comes to major projects such as HS2.
Speaking to business leaders and academics in Cardiff, he called for faster transport links between the two cities, and welcomed the electrification of the rail line to Swansea and the prospect of an M4 relief road as a good start.
Mr Ferguson said airports was one area where cooperation between the two cities made sense. "Bristol is the biggest Welsh airport in terms of its use and I think we should not necessarily have to compete on every single issue," he commented.
The mayor pointed out that while the two regions are in competition with each other to attract companies and jobs, they face even greater competition from parts of the continent.